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The gardener's allies

The creatures that do pest control for free — the spiders, lacewings, beetles, wasps, birds and amphibians that keep a garden in balance if you give them a home.

Wildlife
  1. 01
    A green lacewing on a leaf with a ground beetle on the soil below
    Wildlife0395 min

    Beneficial Predators: The Unpaid Workforce

    Lacewings, ground beetles, parasitoid wasps, spiders and earwigs — what each one hunts, and the habitat that keeps them resident.

  2. 02
    An orb-weaver spider on a dew-covered web at dawn
    Wildlife4533 min

    Spiders: The Garden's Biggest Predator Guild

    Not insects but eight-legged hunters — among the most abundant and voracious predators in any garden, eating a staggering weight of pests each year, if you give them the undisturbed cover they need.

  3. 03
    A green lacewing with transparent gauzy wings on a leaf
    Wildlife2563 min

    Lacewings: The Delicate Fliers With Ravenous Larvae

    Fragile, gauzy-winged insects whose larvae — the 'aphid lions' — are among the most voracious pest predators in any garden, each devouring hundreds of aphids before it pupates.

  4. 04
    A seven-spot ladybird on a leaf beside its spiny black and orange larva
    Wildlife2575 min

    Ladybirds: The Larvae Do Most of the Work

    A single larva eats hundreds of aphids before pupating — plus overwintering sites, and the introduced harlequin eating the natives.

  5. 05
    A hoverfly feeding on a flat-topped umbellifer flower head
    Wildlife2224 min

    Hoverflies: Pollinator and Pest Controller in One

    How hoverflies deliver both pollination and aphid control in one insect family, and why flat-topped umbellifer flowers pull them in.

  6. 06
    A glossy black ground beetle on bare soil
    Wildlife2003 min

    Ground Beetles: The Night Shift That Eats Slugs and Weed Seeds

    Fast, glossy, ground-dwelling predators that hunt slugs, cutworms, and pest eggs by night and eat weed seeds by day — a resident workforce that thrives on undisturbed ground and dies out under the plough.

  7. 07
    A tiny parasitoid wasp laying an egg in an aphid
    Wildlife3423 min

    Parasitoid Wasps: The Insect World's Living Weapons

    Tiny, stingless wasps that lay their eggs inside other insects, their larvae devouring the host alive from within — one of the most powerful natural forces holding pests in check, and the basis of much biological control.

  8. 08
    A barn owl hunting low over rough grassland at dusk
    Wildlife3363 min

    Owls: The Silent Night Shift of Rodent Control

    Nocturnal hunters that take over pest control when the day's raptors roost — a single barn owl family eats thousands of rodents a year, which is why nest boxes are a genuine farm tool, and rat poison a deadly threat.

  9. 09
    A blue tit carrying a caterpillar to a nest box fixed to an apple tree
    Wildlife2285 min

    Insectivorous Birds: Pest Control With Feathers

    What a family of tits removes from an orchard in a season, why nest boxes work, and the habitat structure that keeps birds hunting your crop.

  10. 10
    A solitary bee entering a nest hole in bare sandy ground
    Wildlife3084 min

    Native Bees: 20,000 Species Beyond the Honeybee

    The world's 20,000 wild bee species are mostly solitary, mostly overlooked, and outperform honeybees on most crops they touch.

  11. 11
    Honeybees on a comb frame lifted from a hive
    Wildlife2184 min

    Honeybees and Beekeeping: The Managed Pollinator

    The one bee in twenty thousand that lives in a hive and makes honey — a managed superorganism rented out to pollinate crops, threatened by mites and poisons, and not the whole answer to the pollination it is asked to provide.

  12. 12
    Fireflies making trails of light in a dark meadow at night
    Wildlife1873 min

    Glow-Worms and Fireflies: The Beetles That Make Light

    Beetles that glow in the dark — the female glow-worm signalling for a mate, the firefly flashing in coded conversation, and their larvae hunting slugs and snails — magical, useful, and vanishing under our lights.

  13. 13
    A common frog among damp vegetation at the edge of a garden pond
    Wildlife0125 min

    Amphibians and Reptiles: The Pest Control You Never See

    Frogs, toads, newts, lizards and snakes as garden predators — what they need in habitat terms, and why ponds without fish matter most.