All routes

When beauty becomes an invader

The recurring trap: a tough, fast, pretty tree planted for shade or shelter, that escapes and smothers a continent.

Trees
  1. 01
    Tree of heaven with long pinnate leaves growing from cracked urban ground
    Trees4974 min

    Tree of Heaven: The Invader That Grows in Brooklyn

    A fast, tough, foul-smelling Asian tree that poisons its neighbours, resprouts from any cut, and now hosts the pest threatening whole crops.

  2. 02
    Casuarina trees with drooping needle-like foliage along a sandy shore
    Trees0684 min

    Casuarina: The She-Oak That Is Neither Pine Nor Oak

    An Australian tree that mimics a conifer, fixes nitrogen without being a legume, whistles in the wind, holds the coast together — and smothers beaches where it does not belong.

  3. 03
    Paperbark melaleuca trunk with thick spongy layered white bark
    Trees2884 min

    Melaleuca and Tea Tree: Paperbark, Healing Oil, and a Swamp-Draining Invader

    Australian myrtles with peeling paper bark and antiseptic oil — the source of tea tree oil, tough survivors of fire and flood, and the tree that tried to drink the Everglades dry.

  4. 04
    Tamarisk in feathery pink flower on a dry riverbank
    Trees4834 min

    Tamarisk: The Feathery Tree That Salts the Ground and Drinks the River

    A wispy pink-flowered desert tree that survives on salt water, pumps salt onto the soil to poison its rivals, and became the great water-guzzling invader of the American West.

  5. 05
    Chinaberry with clusters of lilac flowers and pale yellow berries
    Trees0824 min

    Chinaberry: The Bead Tree That Feeds Insects to Nothing

    A fast, pretty, lilac-flowered relative of neem — carrying the same natural insecticide, strung into rosary beads for centuries, poisonous to people, and now a widespread invader of warm countrysides.

  6. 06
    Pepper tree branch hung with drooping clusters of rose-pink berries
    Trees3484 min

    Pepper Tree: Pink Peppercorns and a Pretty Invader

    Graceful, weeping South American trees whose rose-coloured berries are sold as 'pink peppercorns' — kin to the cashew, beloved as ornamental shade, and now among the worst invaders of warm coasts and wetlands.

  7. 07
    Silvery-leaved elaeagnus shrub studded with speckled red berries
    Trees1503 min

    Elaeagnus: The Silver-Leaved Nitrogen Fixers That Went Rogue

    Tough silvery shrubs that fix their own nitrogen without being legumes, bear tart edible berries, and were planted everywhere for wildlife and reclamation — before autumn olive and Russian olive became runaway invaders.

  8. 08
    Tall falcataria trees with wide flat-topped ferny canopies
    Trees1584 min

    Falcataria: One of the Fastest-Growing Trees on Earth

    A nitrogen-fixing tropical legume that can grow seven metres in a year — a prized fast plantation timber and shade tree that has also become a towering, brittle invader of Pacific islands.

  9. 09
    Gorse in full golden flower covering a heathland slope
    Trees1924 min

    Gorse and Broom: Nitrogen Fixers That Burn and Invade

    Spiny, yellow-flowered legume shrubs that colonise the poorest ground, fix nitrogen, fire their seeds explosively — and become fierce invaders abroad.