All routes

The living web

The bacteria, fungi, worms, and insects that turn dirt into soil.

Growing·Restoration·Wildlife
  1. 01
    Microscopic view of soil organisms among root hairs and fungal hyphae
    Wildlife4433 min

    The Soil Food Web: Life Beneath Your Feet

    The invisible ecosystem in healthy soil: bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes, and arthropods that cycle nutrients and build structure.

  2. 02
    Fine white mycorrhizal fungal hyphae threading through dark soil around plant roots
    Growing3064 min

    Mycorrhizal Fungi: The Underground Internet

    How mycorrhizal fungi form partnerships with plant roots, extending their reach a hundredfold to transport water, nutrients, and chemical signals through an underground network.

  3. 03
    Root nodules on a legume root system showing pink nitrogen-fixing tissue
    Wildlife3154 min

    Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria: Free Fertiliser in Every Root

    How Rhizobium, Frankia, and free-living bacteria pull atmospheric nitrogen into the living world and feed every productive ecosystem.

  4. 04
    Earthworms in rich dark soil alongside decomposing leaf litter
    Wildlife1444 min

    Earthworms: Nature's Tillers

    Why Darwin called earthworms the most important creature on earth, and how to count, feed, and protect the populations that build your soil.

  5. 05
    Fungal brackets and moss growing on a decomposing fallen log in a woodland
    Wildlife1233 min

    Decomposers: The Hidden Recyclers

    Fungi, bacteria, beetles, and worms unlock nutrients from dead matter. Without them, soils never form and forests collapse within years.

  6. 06
    Shiitake mushrooms fruiting from an inoculated hardwood log stacked in shade
    Wildlife3046 min

    Mushroom Cultivation: Growing on Logs and Waste

    Saprophytic fungi as a woodland crop — inoculating logs, using the byproducts of coppicing, and turning waste streams into protein.

  7. 07
    Foliose lichens and moss covering the bark of an old broadleaf tree
    Wildlife2655 min

    Lichens and Mosses: Reading Air and Age

    Lichens as air quality meters and woodland continuity indicators, mosses as water stores, and why neither is damaging your trees.

  8. 08
    Mycorrhizal fungal threads visible on tree roots being planted into restored soil
    Restoration4444 min

    Soil Inoculation: Restoring the Missing Biology

    Introducing mycorrhizal fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and microbial communities to soils that have lost their living systems.